Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can take a heavy toll on a person’s life. Not only does it cause permanent damage to the brain, but it can alter cognitive and physical abilities for the rest of one’s life.
Thus, understanding the primary causes of TBI is essential to help those with TBI and prevent more cases.
In this article, we’ll explore the most common causes of traumatic brain injury, along with its symptoms and available treatment options.
What is Traumatic Brain Injury?
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is brain damage caused when a sudden, external, physical assault impacts the brain.
It’s one of the leading causes of adult disability and mortality. TBI is a broad term that refers to a wide range of damage to the brain. The damage might be localized (limited to a single area of the brain) or diffuse (occurring in several areas of the brain).
Even the slightest brain injury could result in a moderate concussion or progress to irreversible damage leading to coma or even death.
In India, an estimated ~1 million people are injured because of TBI, 200,000 people die, and nearly 1 million require rehabilitation services every year.
Causes of Traumatic Brain Injury
The exact cause of TBI isn’t known, but the following are linked to most TBI incidents.
1. Falls
A sudden fall due to slippery surfaces, uneven ground, or inadequate safety measures has been known to cause TBI in most cases.
2. Road Accidents
Car crashes and motorcycle collisions are another significant cause of traumatic brain injury. The impact of a sudden jolt or collision can lead to head injuries.
3. Sports Injuries
Engaging in contact sports such as football, soccer, and boxing can put individuals at risk of TBI. High-impact collisions or blows to the head can result in brain injuries.
4. Assaults
Intentional acts of violence, such as physical assaults, can cause severe head trauma and TBI.
5. Workplace Accidents
Certain occupations, such as construction or mining, involve inherent risks that can lead to traumatic brain injury. Falls from greater heights, being struck by falling objects, or exposure to hazardous substances are common causes.
Symptoms of Traumatic Brain Injury
Recognizing the symptoms of TBI is crucial for timely intervention and treatment. The symptoms may vary depending on the severity of the injury and can include the following.
- Physical symptoms: Headaches, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, and loss of coordination.
- Cognitive symptoms: Memory problems, difficulty concentrating, confusion, and slowed thinking.
- Emotional and behavioural symptoms: Mood swings, irritability, anxiety, depression, and changes in sleep patterns.
- Sensory symptoms: Sensitivity to light or noise, ringing in the ears, and altered sense of taste or smell.
Treatment for TBI
The treatment for traumatic brain injury varies on the severity and specific symptoms of the injury. Some common treatment options include the following:
- Medical evaluation: A thorough medical examination is conducted to assess the extent of the injury and identify any associated complications.
- Medications: Certain medications may be prescribed to manage pain, reduce inflammation, control seizures, or address other specific symptoms.
- Rehabilitation therapy: Physical therapy and speech therapy can help individuals recover and regain their functional abilities.
- Counselling and support: Psychological counselling and support groups can assist individuals and their families in coping with the emotional and psychological challenges associated with TBI.
Prevention of Traumatic Brain Injury
Prevention plays a pivotal role in reducing the incidence of traumatic brain injury. Some measures include the following:
- Wearing proper headgear when engaging in fierce sports or similar activities.
- Proper precautions like installing handrails and using non-slip mats can help prevent fall-related TBIs.
- Enforcing strict safety protocols in workplaces, improving infrastructure to prevent falls in public spaces, and ensuring that sporting facilities adhere to safety standards.
- Ensuring that seatbelts are properly worn when driving.
Seek Expert Care at Ayu Health for Traumatic Brain Injury
At Ayu Health, we understand the devastating impact of traumatic brain injury and are committed to providing expert care and support.
Our team of experienced specialists utilizes comprehensive treatment approaches through well-equipped healthcare staff and the latest technology to treat TBI.
Contact us at +91 6366-100-800 to book a consultation with our compassionate doctors, or visit our website.
References:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6927527/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7195969/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3400421/
https://ayu.health/blog/what-doctor-should-you-consult-for-headaches/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22089411/
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