Knee pain
Joint stiffness
Cracking joints
Hip pain
Joint swelling
Shoulder pain
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MBBS.JLNMC Sawangi, Nagpur University.MBBS.2001, MS. Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences.Orthopaedics.2009
Orthopaedician 14+ years of experience14+ years of experienceEnglish, हिंदी, ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
Sector 71
+1
MS.Orthopaedics
Orthopaedician 10+ years of experience10+ years of experienceEnglish, हिंदी
5, SH 6, Sector 17, Jyoti Nagar, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136118, India
MBBS.Government Medical College.MBBS.2010, MS.Government Medical College.Orthopaedics.2017
Orthopaedician 5+ years of experience5+ years of experienceEnglish, हिंदी, ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
Amcare Hospital, VIP Rd, adjacent to Amcare Plaza, Zirakpur, Punjab 140603, India
MBBS.MBBS.2016, MS.Orthopaedics.2021
Orthopaedician 3+ years of experience3+ years of experienceEnglish, हिंदी
Amcare Hospital, VIP Rd, adjacent to Amcare Plaza, Zirakpur, Punjab 140603, India
At Ayu Health, we identify the latest and most effective surgical procedures so that you can benefit from faster recovery times, shorter hospital stays, and less scarring.
What type of patients are considered for a total knee replacement?
Total knee replacement surgery is considered for patients whose knee joints have been damaged due to progressive arthritis, trauma or other rare destructive diseases of the joints
What Is Knee Replacement?
During knee replacement surgery, the surgeon takes damaged cartilage and bone out of the knee joint and replaces them with a manmade joint. The operation is also called knee arthroplasty, and its one of the most common bone surgeries.
Indications for Knee joint replacement:
The primary indication for TKA - total knee arthroplasty is to relieve pain caused by severe arthritis. The pain should be significant and disabling. Night pain is particularly distressing. If dysfunction of the knee is causing significant reduction in the patients quality of life, this should be one of the indications for the surgery.Generally, it is indicated in older patients with more modest activities. It is also clearly indicated in younger patients who have limited function because of systemic arthritis with multiple joint involvement. Young patients requesting knee replacement, especially those with posttraumatic arthritis, are not excluded by age but must be significantly disabled and must understand the inherent longevity of joint replacement.Correction of significant deformity is an important indication
Preoperative Evaluation / Tests:
Laboratory studies:
Complete blood count (CBC)
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
Serum electrolytes
Renal function studies
Prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
Urinalysis and urine culture
Imaging studies:
Radiographic views (X-ray) for the assessment of the patient with knee arthritis.
Other operative tests:
Like ECG, 2D echo, Liver function test, etc., subjective to patient pre-known conditions and comorbidities.
4 types of knee implants:
Metal on plastic.
This is the most common type of implant. It features a metal femoral component that rides on a polyethylene plastic spacer attached to the tibial component. The metals commonly used include cobalt-chromium, titanium, zirconium, and nickel. Metal-on-plastic is the least expensive type of implant and has the longest track record for safety and implant lifespan. However, one problem that can happen with plastic implants is an immune reaction triggered by tiny particles that wear away from the spacer. This can cause bone to break down, leading to loosening and failure of the implant. Advances in manufacturing have greatly reduced the rate of wear in the plastic.
Ceramic on plastic.
This type uses a ceramic femoral component instead of metal (or a metal component with a ceramic coating). It also rides on a plastic spacer. People who are sensitive to the nickel used in metal implants might get the ceramic type. Plastic particles from this type of implant also can lead to an immune reaction.
Ceramic on ceramic.
The femoral and tibial components are both made of ceramic. Ceramic parts are the least likely to react with the body. However, ceramic joint prostheses can make a squeaking noise when you walk. In rare cases, they can shatter under heavy pressure into pieces that must be removed by surgery.
Metal on metal.
The femoral and tibial components are both made of metal. Metal-on-metal implants have been used much less often in recent years because of concerns over traces of metal leaking into the bloodstream. The metal comes from the chemical breakdown of the implant hardware. All metal implants originally were developed to provide longer-lasting joint replacements for younger people. But the traces of metal can cause inflammation, pain, and possibly organ damage. Metal-on-metal implants may be considered only for young, active men, because they may last longer than other materials. Women of childbearing age cant receive these implants because the effects on a fetus are not known.
How Long Is the Recovery?
All patients heal from surgery at their own pace. Your doctor will tell you when it is safe to go back to your normal activities. Here are some guidelines:
Household chores: 3-6 weeks
Sex: 4-6 weeks
Work: 4 weeks or more- depending on your job requirements
Swimming: 6-8 weeks
Driving: Before you can drive, you will need to be off pain medicine and be able to get in and out of the car. You may be able to start driving within 2 to 6 weeks even if your driving leg was operated on.
Is Total Knee Replacement the only solution in case of damaged joints?
No, for some cases where the disease is limited to only one area of the knee, partial knee replacement can also be considered. Under this process, only one part of the knee surface is replaced in comparison to TKR (Total Knee Replacement) which involves both inner and outer part of damaged bones being replaced with metal implants.
How safe is Knee Replacement Surgery?
What are the advantages of Fast Track Total Knee Replacement Surgery?
Fast Track Knee Replacement Surgery is an advanced Knee Replacement technique with the following key advantages:
Same day admission and surgery
<30 minutes surgical procedure
Patients typically walk within hours of surgery
No muscle or tendon cut
Sutureless - no metal staples used
Discharge in 3-4 days
Walk without a stick / walker in 2 weeks
After how long can the patient start walking after Knee Replacement Surgery?
Typically, the patient is made to walk within 12-24 hours of surgery using a walker. For the next 3-4 days, the patient undergoes physiotherapy at the hospital before getting discharged. At the time of discharge, the patient can typically do most activities independently with the help of a walker / stick.
When can the patient resume normal routine after Knee Replacement Surgery?
Typically within 3-6 weeks. However, this depends on the effectiveness of physiotherapy and varies across patients.
What is the duration of a knee replacement surgery?
Typically 30-60 minutes for usual cases. Less time spent in the operation theater significantly lowers the chances of infection.
Is robotic / computer guided surgery available at Ayu Health hospitals?
Yes, Ayu Health hospitals use the latest navigation technology that provides tibial and femoral navigation for total knee arthroplasty in a palm-sized, single-use device compatible with all standard implant systems. This is typically used for cases involving higher than normal damage to the joints.
Are any muscles or tendon cut while performing a knee replacement surgery?
No, with most modern techniques (including ones employed at Ayu Health hospitals) involving a subvastus approach, there is no need to cut any muscle or tendon.
What type of implants are available?
Ayu Health hospitals use US FDA approved High Flex Implants. Post consultation, the doctor can suggest the appropriate implant based on patient condition and age.
What are the recommended exercises to improve knee function after discharge?
Patients must continue in an outpatient physiotherapy program along with home exercises during the healing process. The physiotherapist will guide the patient with the appropriate exercises.
What is Bilateral Total Knee Replacement Surgery?
Some people experience severe knee pain while walking, climbing stairs or even while sitting. The total knee replacement surgery is done for one of the knees to decrease the pain.
What causes knee joint pain?
There are several reasons for severe knee joint pains. Some of them are:
Aging
Arthritis
Accidents
What are the symptoms that indicate a joint replacement?
When the knee joint pain is so severe that the person has trouble walking, climbing stairs etc and the pain hinders the day to day routine, it is important to see a doctor.
What diet is to be followed after knee replacement surgery?
After a total knee replacement surgery, your diet should consist of:
2-3 litres of water and fluids
Simple, nutritious, bland food
An anti-inflammatory diet to reduce swelling in the knees
How is total knee replacement performed?
The steps involved in knee replacement surgery are:
The patient is given general anaesthesia for the procedure
The knee is bent to provide complete exposure of the joint
A 6-10 inch incision is made around the knee
The damaged parts are cut away and the artificial material is pieces of the joint are placed
The knee is moved around to ensure that the parts fit
The incision is sutured and the patient is moved to the recovery area
Is it safe to exercise after knee replacement surgery?
Regular gentle exercises can help in faster recovery from knee surgery.
Does knee replacement surgery carry any risks?
Some of the risks of the procedure may be:
Blood clots
Infection
Heart attack
Stroke
Urinary Tract infection
Bleeding
What happens after a total hip replacement surgery?
You are likely stay in the hospital for four to six days and may have to stay in bed with a wedge-shaped cushion between your legs to keep the new hip joint in place. A physiotherapist will help you exercise the joint from the next day of the surgery to help you recover faster. These exercises should be continued for the next few months.
What activities should I avoid after high replacement surgery?
For the next 6 to 12 months after hip replacement surgery, pivoting or twisting on the involved leg should be avoided. You should also not cross the involved leg past the midline of the body nor turn the involved leg inward and you should not bend at the hip past 90 degrees.
Is Hip replacement surgery safe?
Hip replacement surgery has been performed for years and surgical techniques are being improved all the time. The minimally invasive surgery is considered safer than the traditional procedure.
How long will my new joint last?
About 85% of the hip joint implants usually last for 20 years.
What is the cost for hip replacement surgery?
The cost of the surgery varies based on the severity or complexity of the surgery, and the procedure chosen. Please refer to the procedure page for more details on Ayu Health packages.
When to see a doctor?
You should seek immediate care if an injury to your knee causing symptoms of ACL injury, like popping sound, pain, swelling, trouble walking or putting pressure on the knee.
How to prevent ACL injury?
Proper training and exercise in sports can help reduce the risk of ACL injury.
What is the cost for ACL surgery?
The cost of the surgery varies based on the severity or complexity of the procedure, and the procedure chosen. Please refer to the procedure page for more details on Ayu Health packages.
When to see a doctor?
You should seek immediate care if an injury to your knee causing symptoms of a PCL injury, like pain, swelling and instability in the knee.
How to prevent a PCL injury?
Proper training and exercise in sports can help reduce the risk of a PCL injury.
What is the cost for PCL surgery?
The cost of the surgery varies based on the severity or complexity of the procedure, and the procedure chosen. Please refer to the procedure page for more details on Ayu Health packages.
What is torn meniscus?
A torn meniscus is a tear in the cartilage in the knee which protects the knee from shock and holds it together.
What is Medial Meniscus Tear Surgery?
The medial meniscus is a thick, rubbery layer in the knee that acts as a shock absorber. When there is a significant tear in this cartilage, person need to undergo a medial meniscus tear surgery to repair it.
What causes a Medial Meniscus Tear?
During any activity, if there is a forceful twist or rotation of the knee, a medial meniscus tear can happen. It is one of the most common injuries among athletes.
What are the symptoms of meniscus tear that need a doctor’s attention?
When meniscus tear cause pain, swelling, difficulty in moving the knee and sometimes, there is a popping sound when the meniscus tears.
Can a meniscus tear heal without surgery?
Injuries that occur in parts that have better blood supply have a better chance to heal than those where there is little blood supply. With meniscal injuries, if the knee is stable and if the symptoms do not persist and do not limit lifestyle, nonsurgical treatments are recommended.
What happens if the meniscus tear is left untreated?
If you experience symptoms of a medial meniscus tear, you should visit the doctor immediately to understand the extent of knee damage. Ignoring the symptoms may lead to:
Severe pain
Inability to move the knee
Osteoarthritis
How is meniscus tear diagnosed?
A medial meniscus tear can be diagnosed by a simple physical examination. To understand the extent of damage, the doctor may recommend:
X ray
MRI scan
Arthroscopy - In this procedure, the doctor makes a small cut in the knee. A pencil-sized tool is inserted to examine the extent of damage on a screen.
What is the treatment for a medial meniscus tear?
The treatment for a medial meniscus tear differs based on the size, location and extent of the tear. The tears are graded as 1,2 and 3. If it is a Grade 3 tear, you will need to undergo surgery.For a Grade 1 or 2 tear, the doctor may recommend:
Rest
Physiotherapy
Pain medication
How is an arthroscopic surgery done for a meniscus tear?
Arthroscopic surgery also called; keyhole surgery is a simple 1-hour surgery to repair the knee.
Flow of the procedure:
Patient is given local anaesthesia for the procedure
Small incisions are made in the knee
A tiny camera is inserted into the incision
The camera footage is visible on a screen that guides the doctor to perform the surgery
The torn meniscus is stitched
The incisions are taped and the patient then shifted to the recovery room.
How is Arthroscopic Partial/ Total Meniscectomy done?
When the meniscus is damaged to the extent that it cannot be stitched together, this procedure is used to repair the knee.
Flow of the procedure:
Patient is given local anaesthesia for the procedure
Small incisions are made in the knee
A tiny camera is inserted into the incision
The camera footage is visible on a screen that guides the doctor to perform the surgery
The torn meniscus is trimmed (partial meniscectomy) or completely removed (total meniscectomy) based on the extent of damage
The incisions are taped and the patient is taken to the recovery room
What is the recovery time from Arthroscopic Partial/ Total Meniscectomy?
One can resume to the normal routine after 2-3 weeks and complete recovery in 3 months.
How is an open surgery performed to treat meniscus tear?
In this procedure, a large incision is made in the knee to repair the cartilage.
Flow of the procedure:
Patient is given general anaesthesia for the procedure
A large incision is made in the damaged knee
The cartilage is repaired/removed partially or completely through the incision
The incision is sutured and the patient is taken to the recovery room.
What are the recommended exercises once a torn meniscus has been repaired?
Specific recommendations regarding weight-bearing and exercises will be customized for the patient by the surgeon and therapist.
What is the cost for a medial meniscus surgery?
The cost of the surgery varies based on the severity or complexity of the procedure, and the procedure chosen. Please refer to the procedure page for more details on Ayu Health packages.
What type of patients are considered for a total knee replacement?
Total knee replacement surgery is considered for patients whose knee joints have been damaged due to progressive arthritis, trauma or other rare destructive diseases of the joints
Is Total Knee Replacement the only solution in case of damaged joints?
No, for some cases where the disease is limited to only one area of the knee, partial knee replacement can also be considered. Under this process, only one part of the knee surface is replaced in comparison to TKR (Total Knee Replacement) which involves both inner and outer part of damaged bones being replaced with metal implants.
After how long can the patient start walking after Knee Replacement Surgery?
Typically, the patient is made to walk within 12-24 hours of surgery using a walker. For the next 3-4 days, the patient undergoes physiotherapy at the hospital before getting discharged. At the time of discharge, the patient can typically do most activities independently with the help of a walker / stick.
When can the patient resume normal routine after Knee Replacement Surgery?
Typically within 3-6 weeks. However, this depends on the effectiveness of physiotherapy and varies across patients.
What is the duration of a knee replacement surgery?
Typically 30-60 minutes for usual cases. Less time spent in the operation theater significantly lowers the chances of infection.
Is robotic / computer guided surgery available at Ayu Health hospitals?
Yes, Ayu Health hospitals use the latest navigation technology that provides tibial and femoral navigation for total knee arthroplasty in a palm-sized, single-use device compatible with all standard implant systems. This is typically used for cases involving higher than normal damage to the joints.
Are any muscles or tendon cut while performing a knee replacement surgery?
No, with most modern techniques (including ones employed at Ayu Health hospitals) involving a subvastus approach, there is no need to cut any muscle or tendon.
What type of implants are available?
Ayu Health hospitals use US FDA approved High Flex Implants. Post consultation, the doctor can suggest the appropriate implant based on patient condition and age.
What are the recommended exercises to improve knee function after discharge?
Patients must continue in an outpatient physiotherapy program along with home exercises during the healing process. The physiotherapist will guide the patient with the appropriate exercises.